RETURN TO HOMEPAGE

 

In the united states court of appeals

for the ninth circuit

 

 

 

 

Benjamin CABRERA                )       

Londy CABRERA,                   )        Case No. 03-73811

                   Petitioners,            )

                                                )        INS Docket Nos. A75 710 964

                   v.                          )                                    A75 710 965

                                                )

John Ashcroft,                          )

Attorney General,                      )

United States Citizenship &       )

Immigration Services,                )

Respondents                   )

                                                          )

 

 

Petitioners reply to respondent’s motion to dismiss

 

Jurisdiction

This Court has jurisdiction to review the Board of Immigration Appeals’ (Board’s) Final Order reversing the Immigration Judge’s grant of Petitioners’ applications for cancellation of removal.

Respondent incorrectly cites Montero-Martinez, 277 F.3d 1137 (9th Cir. 2001) for the proposition that this Court lacks jurisdiction in this case.  See, Respondents’ Opposition, p. 1.  In Montero, the Court concluded that INA § 242(a)(2)(B)(i), 8 U.S.C. § 1252(a)(2)(B)(i), “eliminates jurisdiction only over decisions by the BIA that involve the exercise of discretion.  Id. at 1144.  (Emphasis added).  The Montero case does not preclude this Court from exercising jurisdiction in this case.

First, this court has held that it retains jurisdiction to review constitutional claims, “even when those claims address a discretionary decision.”  Ramirez-Perez v. Ashcroft, 336 F.3d 1001, 1004 (9th Cir. 2003).  The instant case presents the issue of whether the Board’s disregard of applicable case law denied the Cabreras their constitutional right to due process of law under the Fifth Amendment. 

Moreover, this Court stated in Hernandez v. Ashcroft, 345 F.3d 824, 846 (9th Cir. 2003), that “a nonprecedential decision by the BIA in defiance of its own precedential case law simply cannot be classified as discretionary.”  In the instant case, the Board’s nonprecedential decision is in direct conflict with its own binding precedents which hold that the hardship factors in a cancellation of removal case must be considered “in the aggregate” and “cumulatively”.  See, Matter of Monreal, 23 I&N Dec. 56 (BIA 2001), Matter of Recinas, 23 I&N Dec. 467 (BIA 2002). 

Despite this mandate, the Board considered only one factor in reversing the Immigration Judge’s decision - the impact that their removal would have on the education of their elder daughter, Diana.  In the instant case, the Cabreras have five qualifying relatives – two U.S. citizen daughters and three lawful permanent resident parents – who together would suffer exceptional and extremely unusual hardship if the Cabreras were forced to leave the U.S.  Among the factors which the Board failed to consider were the emotional and medical hardship that their removal would cause to their 9-year-old daughter Jocelyn; the impact that their removal would have on Benjamin Cabrera’s mother who is a lawful permanent resident of the United States and who suffers from severe diabetes and has had several toes amputated; the hardship due to family separation; and the hardship which would result to their daughters from Benjamin and Londy being removal to two different countries, Mexico and Guatemala, respectively.  See Petitioners’ Petition for Review, pp. 11-12 for a full discussion.  As the Board failed to consider these and other hardship factors at all, much less cumulatively, the Board’s decision contradicts its own binding precedents and cannot be considered discretionary under Hernandez, supra.

In addition, Respondent misstates the issue as involving merely the “weight the Board accorded to the various factors in reaching their discretionary decision.”  See Respondent’s Opposition, p. 8.  By its focus on the single factor of Diana’s educational needs, the Board accorded no weight at all to the numerous relevant factors considered by the Immigration Judge.  Again, this was in clear disregard of the Board’s own precedent, and therefore contrary to law.  As stated in Hernandez, the Board “has no discretion to make a decision that is contrary to law…When the BIA acts where it has no legal authority to do so, it does not make a discretionary decision…and such a determination is not protected from judicial review.”  Hernandez, 345 F.3d at 846- 847 (internal citations omitted).

Stay of Removal and Stay of Voluntary Departure

This petition for review involves serious legal issues over which this Court does retain jurisdiction.  Moreover, the balance of hardships tips sharply in favor of the petitioners.  A stay of removal and stay of the voluntary departure is therefore warranted while the Court considers the issues presented. 

Conclusion

In light of the above, this Court should grant the petition for review, and issue a stay of removal and stay of the voluntary departure period. 

 

Dated: January 29, 2004                      Respectfully submitted,

________________________

Carl Shusterman

Law Offices of Carl Shusterman

Attorneys for Petitioners

                                                600 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1550

                                                Los Angeles, CA 90017

                                                Tel. (213) 623 - 4592

 

Certificate of Compliance

Pursuant to Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure (FRAP) 32(e)(4), the undersigned submits this Certificate of Compliance.  The attached “Petitioners Reply to Respondent’s Motion to Dismiss” is double spaced pursuant to FRAP 32(b), and has a typeface of Times New Roman, point size 14, and is a total of 4 pages.

Dated: January 29, 2004                                _____________________________

                                                                   Carl Shusterman

                                                                   Law Offices of Carl Shusterman

                                                                   Attorneys for Petitioners

                                                                   600 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1550

                                                                   Los Angeles, CA 90017

                                                                   Tel. (213) 623 – 4592

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Statement of Related Cases

Pursuant to Ninth Circuit Rule 28 – 2.6, counsel for the Petitioners is not aware of any related cases currently pending before the Court.

 

          Dated: January 29, 2004                      __________________________

Carl Shusterman

                                                                   Law Offices of Carl Shusterman

                                                                   Attorneys for Petitioners

                                                                   600 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1550

                                                                   Los Angeles, CA 90017

                                                                   Tel. (213) 623 - 4592

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Certificate of service

I hereby certify that on this day of January 28, 2004 two copies of “Petitioners Reply to Respondent’s Motion to Dismiss” the were served upon Counsel for the Respondents, by placing it in a United States mailbox, first class postage paid, addressed to:

                                                John Ashcroft

Attorney General

U.S. Department of Justice

950 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW

Washington, DC 20530-0001

 

 

Christopher C. Fuller

William C. Minick

Office of Immigration Litigation

Civil Division

P.O. Box 878, Ben Franklin Station

Washington, DC 20044

 

 

Dated: January 29, 2004                      __________________________

                                                          Carl Shusterman

                                                          Law Offices of Carl Shusterman

                                                          Attorney for Petitioners

600 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 1550

                                                          Los Angeles, CA 90017

                                                          Tel. (213) 623 - 4592